Field Type

MySQL database is designed for professional developers. If you are unfamiliar with database data types, it is recommended to use the Data Model to define the data source structure.

Numeric Type

Data Type	Value Range	Description	Applicable Scenarios
TINYINT	-128 to 127 (signed) 0 to 255 (unsigned)	Smallest integer type	Status values, age, small numerical values
SMALLINT	-32768 to 32767 (signed) 0 to 65535 (unsigned)	Small integer type	Counters; small-range numerical values
MEDIUMINT	-8388608 to 8388607 (signed) 0 to 16777215 (unsigned)	Medium integer type	Medium-range counting, IDs
INT	-2147483648 to 2147483647 (signed) 0 to 4294967295 (unsigned)	Standard integer type	Primary key IDs, quantities, counts
BIGINT	-9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807 (signed)	Large integer type	Large numerical values, timestamps, large IDs
DECIMAL	Depends on precision and scale settings	Exact decimal type	Monetary amounts, precise calculations
FLOAT	Approximately -3.4E+38 to 3.4E+38	Single-precision floating-point number	Scientific computing, approximate values
DOUBLE	Approximately -1.8E+308 to 1.8E+308	Double-precision floating-point number	High-precision scientific computing
REAL	Same as DOUBLE	Synonym for DOUBLE	Used for compatibility
BIT	0 to 2^n-1	Bit-field type	Flags, bitmasks
SERIAL	1 to 9223372036854775807	Auto-incrementing large integer (BIGINT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT)	Auto-increment primary key
BOOLEAN	TRUE (1) or FALSE (0)	Boolean type (alias for TINYINT(1))	Switch states, yes/no decisions

Date and Time Types

Data Type	Value Range	Format	Applicable Scenarios
DATE	1000-01-01 to 9999-12-31	YYYY-MM-DD	Birthdays, date records
DATETIME	1000-01-01 00:00:00 to 9999-12-31 23:59:59	YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS	Creation time, update time
TIMESTAMP	1970-01-01 00:00:01 to 2038-01-19 03:14:07	YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS	Timestamp, automatic update time
TIME	-838:59:59 to 838:59:59	HH:MM:SS	Time periods, duration
YEAR	1901 to 2155	YYYY	Year records

Text Type

Data Type	Maximum Length	Description	Applicable Scenarios
CHAR	255 characters	Fixed-length string	Fixed-format encoding, status codes
VARCHAR	65535 characters	Variable-length string	Usernames, titles, descriptions
TINYTEXT	255 characters	Short text	Short descriptions, tags
TEXT	65535 characters	Text type	Article content, detailed descriptions
MEDIUMTEXT	16777215 characters	Medium-length text	Long articles, rich text content
LONGTEXT	4294967295 characters	Long text	Large documents, HTML content
BINARY	255 bytes	Fixed-length binary data	Hash values, fixed-length encoding
VARBINARY	65535 bytes	Variable-length binary data	File data, encrypted information
TINYBLOB	255 bytes	Small binary object	Small icons, thumbnails
MEDIUMBLOB	16777215 bytes	Medium binary object	Images, audio files
BLOB	65535 bytes	Binary Large Object	File, image data
LONGBLOB	4294967295 bytes	Long binary object	Large files, video data
ENUM	65535 distinct values	Enumeration type, select one from a predefined list of values	Status values, category options
SET	64 distinct members	Collection type, select multiple from a predefined list of values	Permission settings, multi-select tags
JSON	Maximum document size 1GB	JSON format data	Configuration information, structured data

Spatial Data Types

Data Type	Description	Applicable Scenarios
GEOMETRY	General geometry type	Any geometric shape
POINT	Point type	Location markers, coordinate points
LINESTRING	Line String Type	Paths, trajectories
POLYGON	Polygon type	Area boundaries, geofences
MULTIPOINT	Multipoint type	Multiple location points
MULTILINESTRING	Multi Line String Type	Multiple paths
MULTIPOLYGON	MultiPolygon type	Multiple regions
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION	Geometry collection type	Collection of mixed geometric objects