数据库：App 集成

使用 CloudBase HTTP API 进行数据库操作，适用于 Android、iOS 等原生应用

如何使用

查看如何使用提示词了解详细的使用方法。

测试提示词

你可以使用以下提示词来测试：

• "在 Android 应用中实现数据查询和更新"
• "在 iOS 应用中实现数据库操作"

提示词

rule.md

## When to use this skill

Use this skill whenever you need to call **CloudBase platform features** via **raw HTTP APIs**, for example:

- Non-Node backends (Go, Python, Java, PHP, etc.)
- Integration tests or admin scripts that use curl or language HTTP clients
- Direct database operations via MySQL RESTful API
- Cloud function invocation via HTTP
- Any scenario where SDKs are not available or not preferred

Do **not** use this skill for:

- Frontend Web apps using `@cloudbase/js-sdk` (use **CloudBase Web** skills)
- Node.js code using `@cloudbase/node-sdk` (use **CloudBase Node** skills)
- Authentication flows (use **CloudBase Auth HTTP API** skill for auth-specific endpoints)

## How to use this skill (for a coding agent)

1. **Clarify the scenario**
   - Confirm this code will call HTTP endpoints directly (not SDKs).
   - Ask for:
     - `env` – CloudBase environment ID
     - Authentication method (AccessToken, API Key, or Publishable Key)
   - Confirm which CloudBase feature is needed (database, functions, storage, etc.).
   - **For user authentication**: If no specific method is requested, **always default to Phone SMS Verification** - it's the most user-friendly and secure option for Chinese users.

2. **Determine the base URL**
   - Use the correct domain based on region (domestic vs. international).
   - Default is domestic Shanghai region.

3. **Set up authentication**
   - Choose appropriate authentication method based on use case.
   - Add `Authorization: Bearer <token>` header to requests.

4. **Reference OpenAPI Swagger documentation**
   - **MUST use `searchKnowledgeBase` tool** to get OpenAPI specifications
   - Use the tool with `mode=openapi` and specify the `apiName`:
     - `mysqldb` - MySQL RESTful API
     - `functions` - Cloud Functions API
     - `auth` - Authentication API
     - `cloudrun` - CloudRun API
     - `storage` - Storage API
   - Example: `searchKnowledgeBase({ mode: "openapi", apiName: "mysqldb" })`
   - Parse the returned YAML content to understand exact endpoint paths, parameters, request/response schemas
   - Never invent endpoints or parameters - always reference the swagger documentation

---

## Overview

CloudBase HTTP API is a set of interfaces for accessing CloudBase platform features via HTTP protocol, supporting database, user authentication, cloud functions, cloud hosting, cloud storage, AI, and more.

## OpenAPI Swagger Documentation

**⚠️ IMPORTANT: Always use `searchKnowledgeBase` tool to get OpenAPI Swagger specifications**

Before implementing any HTTP API calls, you should:

1. **Use `searchKnowledgeBase` tool to get OpenAPI documentation**:
   ```
   searchKnowledgeBase({ mode: "openapi", apiName: "<api-name>" })
   ```

2. **Available API names**:
   - `mysqldb` - MySQL RESTful API
   - `functions` - Cloud Functions API
   - `auth` - Authentication API
   - `cloudrun` - CloudRun API
   - `storage` - Storage API

3. **Parse and use the swagger documentation**:
   - Extract exact endpoint paths and HTTP methods
   - Understand required and optional parameters
   - Review request/response schemas
   - Check authentication requirements
   - Verify error response formats

4. **Never invent API endpoints or parameters** - always base your implementation on the official swagger documentation.

## Prerequisites

Before starting, ensure you have:

1. **CloudBase environment created and activated**
2. **Authentication credentials** (AccessToken, API Key, or Publishable Key)

## Authentication and Authorization

CloudBase HTTP API requires authentication. Choose the appropriate method based on your use case:

### AccessToken Authentication

**Applicable environments**: Client/Server  
**User permissions**: Logged-in user permissions

**How to get**: Use `searchKnowledgeBase({ mode: "openapi", apiName: "auth" })` to get the Authentication API specification

### API Key

**Applicable environments**: Server  
**User permissions**: Administrator permissions

- **Validity**: Long-term valid
- **How to get**: Get from [CloudBase Platform/ApiKey Management Page](https://tcb.cloud.tencent.com/dev?#/identity/token-management)

> ⚠️ Warning: Tokens are critical credentials for identity authentication. Keep them secure. API Key must NOT be used in client-side code.

### Publishable Key

**Applicable environments**: Client/Server  
**User permissions**: Anonymous user permissions

- **Validity**: Long-term valid
- **How to get**: Get from [CloudBase Platform/ApiKey Management Page](https://tcb.cloud.tencent.com/dev?#/identity/token-management)

> 💡 Note: Can be exposed in browsers, used for requesting publicly accessible resources, effectively reducing MAU.

## API Endpoint URLs

CloudBase HTTP API uses unified domain names for API calls. The domain varies based on the environment's region.

### Domestic Regions

For environments in **domestic regions** like Shanghai (`ap-shanghai`), use:

```text
https://{your-env}.api.tcloudbasegateway.com
```

Replace `{your-env}` with the actual environment ID. For example, if environment ID is `cloud1-abc`:

```text
https://cloud1-abc.api.tcloudbasegateway.com
```

### International Regions

For environments in **international regions** like Singapore (`ap-singapore`), use:

```text
https://{your-env}.api.intl.tcloudbasegateway.com
```

Replace `{your-env}` with the actual environment ID. For example, if environment ID is `cloud1-abc`:

```text
https://cloud1-abc.api.intl.tcloudbasegateway.com
```

## Using Authentication in Requests

Add the token to the request header:

```http
Authorization: Bearer <access_token/apikey/publishable_key>
```

:::warning Note

When making actual calls, replace the entire part including angle brackets (`< >`) with your obtained key. For example, if the obtained key is `eymykey`, fill it as:

```http
Authorization: Bearer eymykey
```

:::

## Usage Examples

### Cloud Function Invocation Example

```bash
curl -X POST "https://your-env-id.api.tcloudbasegateway.com/v1/functions/YOUR_FUNCTION_NAME" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <access_token/apikey/publishable_key>" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"name": "张三", "age": 25}'
```

For detailed API specifications, always download and reference the OpenAPI Swagger files mentioned above.

## MySQL RESTful API

The MySQL RESTful API provides all MySQL database operations via HTTP endpoints.

### Base URL Patterns

Support three domain access patterns:

1. `https://{envId}.api.tcloudbasegateway.com/v1/rdb/rest/{table}`
2. `https://{envId}.api.tcloudbasegateway.com/v1/rdb/rest/{schema}/{table}`
3. `https://{envId}.api.tcloudbasegateway.com/v1/rdb/rest/{instance}/{schema}/{table}`

Where:
- `envId` is the environment ID
- `instance` is the database instance identifier
- `schema` is the database name
- `table` is the table name

If using the system database, **recommend pattern 1**.

### Request Headers

| Header | Parameter | Description | Example |
|--------|-----------|-------------|---------|
| Accept | `application/json`, `application/vnd.pgrst.object+json` | Control data return format | `Accept: application/json` |
| Content-Type | `application/json`, `application/vnd.pgrst.object+json` | Request content type | `Content-Type: application/json` |
| Prefer | Operation-dependent feature values | - `return=representation` Write operation, return data body and headers<br>- `return=minimal` Write operation, return headers only (default)<br>- `count=exact` Read operation, specify count<br>- `resolution=merge-duplicates` Upsert operation, merge conflicts<br>- `resolution=ignore-duplicates` Upsert operation, ignore conflicts | `Prefer: return=representation` |
| Authorization | `Bearer <token>` | Authentication token | `Authorization: Bearer <access_token>` |

### Query Records

**GET** `/v1/rdb/rest/{table}`

**Query Parameters**:
- `select`: Field selection, supports `*` or field list, supports join queries like `class_id(grade,class_number)`
- `limit`: Limit return count
- `offset`: Offset for pagination
- `order`: Sort field, format `field.asc` or `field.desc`

**Example**:

```bash
# Before URL encoding
curl -X GET 'https://your-env.api.tcloudbasegateway.com/v1/rdb/rest/course?select=name,position&name=like.%张三%&title=eq.文章标题' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <access_token>"

# After URL encoding
curl -X GET 'https://your-env.api.tcloudbasegateway.com/v1/rdb/rest/course?select=name,position&name=like.%%E5%BC%A0%E4%B8%89%&title=eq.%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0%E6%A0%87%E9%A2%98' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <access_token>"
```

**Response Headers**:
- `Content-Range`: Data range, e.g., `0-9/100` (0=start, 9=end, 100=total)

### Insert Records

**POST** `/v1/rdb/rest/{table}`

**Request Body**: JSON object or array of objects

**Example**:

```bash
curl -X POST 'https://your-env.api.tcloudbasegateway.com/v1/rdb/rest/course' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <access_token>" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Prefer: return=representation" \
  -d '{
    "name": "数学",
    "position": 1
  }'
```

### Update Records

**PATCH** `/v1/rdb/rest/{table}`

**Request Body**: JSON object with fields to update

**Example**:

```bash
curl -X PATCH 'https://your-env.api.tcloudbasegateway.com/v1/rdb/rest/course?id=eq.1' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <access_token>" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Prefer: return=representation" \
  -d '{
    "name": "高等数学",
    "position": 2
  }'
```

> ⚠️ **Important**: UPDATE requires a WHERE clause. Use query parameters like `?id=eq.1` to specify conditions.

### Delete Records

**DELETE** `/v1/rdb/rest/{table}`

**Example**:

```bash
curl -X DELETE 'https://your-env.api.tcloudbasegateway.com/v1/rdb/rest/course?id=eq.1' \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <access_token>"
```

> ⚠️ **Important**: DELETE requires a WHERE clause. Use query parameters to specify conditions.

### Error Codes and HTTP Status Codes

| Error Code | HTTP Status | Description |
|------------|-------------|-------------|
| INVALID_PARAM | 400 | Invalid request parameters |
| INVALID_REQUEST | 400 | Invalid request content: missing permission fields, SQL execution errors, etc. |
| INVALID_REQUEST | 406 | Does not meet single record return constraint |
| PERMISSION_DENIED | 401, 403 | Authentication failed: 401 for identity authentication failure, 403 for authorization failure |
| RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND | 404 | Database instance or table not found |
| SYS_ERR | 500 | Internal system error |
| OPERATION_FAILED | 503 | Failed to establish database connection |
| RESOURCE_UNAVAILABLE | 503 | Database unavailable due to certain reasons |

### Response Format

1. All POST, PATCH, DELETE operations: Request header with `Prefer: return=representation` means there is a response body, without it means only response headers.

2. POST, PATCH, DELETE response bodies are usually JSON array type `[]`. If request header specifies `Accept: application/vnd.pgrst.object+json`, it will return JSON object type `{}`.

3. If `Accept: application/vnd.pgrst.object+json` is specified but data quantity is greater than 1, an error will be returned.

### URL Encoding

When making requests, please perform URL encoding. For example:

**Original request**:

```shell
curl -i -X GET 'https://{{host}}/v1/rdb/rest/course?select=name,position&name=like.%张三%&title=eq.文章标题'
```

**Encoded request**:

```shell
curl -i -X GET 'https://{{host}}/v1/rdb/rest/course?select=name,position&name=like.%%E5%BC%A0%E4%B8%89%&title=eq.%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0%E6%A0%87%E9%A2%98'
```

## Online Debugging Tool

CloudBase platform provides an [online debugging tool](/http-api/basic/online-api-call) where you can test API interfaces without writing code:

1. Visit the API documentation page
2. Find the debugging tool entry
3. Fill in environment ID and request parameters
4. Click send request to view response

## API Documentation References

**⚠️ Always use `searchKnowledgeBase` tool to get OpenAPI Swagger specifications:**

Use `searchKnowledgeBase({ mode: "openapi", apiName: "<api-name>" })` with these API names:
- `auth` - Authentication API
- `mysqldb` - MySQL RESTful API
- `functions` - Cloud Functions API
- `cloudrun` - CloudRun API
- `storage` - Storage API

**How to use the OpenAPI documentation:**
1. Call `searchKnowledgeBase` tool with the appropriate `apiName`
2. Parse the returned YAML content to extract:
   - Endpoint paths (e.g., `/v1/rdb/rest/{table}`)
   - HTTP methods (GET, POST, PATCH, DELETE)
   - Path parameters, query parameters, request body schemas
   - Response schemas and status codes
   - Authentication requirements
3. Use the extracted information to construct accurate API calls
4. Never assume endpoint structure - always verify against swagger documentation

## Common Patterns

### Reusable Shell Variables

```bash
env="your-env-id"
token="your-access-token-or-api-key"
base="https://${env}.api.tcloudbasegateway.com"
```

### Common Request Pattern

```bash
curl -X GET "${base}/v1/rdb/rest/table_name" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${token}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json"
```

### Error Handling

Always check HTTP status codes and error response format:

```json
{
  "code": "ERROR_CODE",
  "message": "Error message details",
  "requestId": "request-unique-id"
}
```

## Common Authentication Flows

> **🌟 IMPORTANT: Default Authentication Method**
>
> When no specific signup/signin method is specified by the user, **ALWAYS use Phone SMS Verification** as the default and recommended method. It is:
> - ✅ The most user-friendly for Chinese users
> - ✅ No password to remember
> - ✅ Works for both new users (registration) and existing users (login)
> - ✅ Most secure with OTP verification
> - ✅ Supported by default in CloudBase

### Phone Number Verification Code Login (Native Apps) ⭐ RECOMMENDED

This is the **preferred** authentication flow for native mobile apps (iOS/Android/Flutter/React Native):

```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  Step 1: Send Verification Code                                        │
│  POST /auth/v1/verification                                             │
│  Body: { "phone_number": "+86 13800138000", "target": "ANY" }          │
│  ⚠️ IMPORTANT: phone_number MUST include "+86 " prefix WITH SPACE      │
│  Response: { "verification_id": "xxx", "expires_in": 600 }             │
│  📝 SAVE verification_id for next step!                                 │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                                    ↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  Step 2: Verify Code                                                    │
│  POST /auth/v1/verification/verify                                      │
│  Body: { "verification_id": "<saved_id>", "verification_code": "123456" }│
│  Response: { "verification_token": "xxx" }                              │
│  📝 SAVE verification_token for login!                                  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                                    ↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  Step 3: Sign In with Token                                             │
│  POST /auth/v1/signin                                                   │
│  Body: { "verification_token": "<saved_token>" }                        │
│  Response: { "access_token": "xxx", "refresh_token": "xxx" }           │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

**⚠️ Critical Notes:**
1. **Phone number format**: MUST be `"+86 13800138000"` with space after country code
2. **Save `verification_id`**: Returned from Step 1, required for Step 2
3. **Save `verification_token`**: Returned from Step 2, required for Step 3 

## Best Practices

1. **Always use URL encoding** for query parameters containing special characters
2. **Include WHERE clauses** for UPDATE and DELETE operations
3. **Use appropriate Prefer headers** to control response format
4. **Handle errors gracefully** by checking status codes and error responses
5. **Keep tokens secure** - never expose API Keys in client-side code
6. **Use appropriate authentication method** based on your use case:
   - AccessToken for user-specific operations
   - API Key for server-side admin operations
   - Publishable Key for public/anonymous access
7. **Phone number format**: Always use international format with space: `"+86 13800138000"`
8. **Verification flow**: Save `verification_id` from send step, use it in verify step